Toypurina
1760-1799
In 1785, a 24-year old medicine woman named Toypurina led an Indian resistance at Mission San Gabriel, the fourth mission, which is in the ancestral lands of the Gabrielino in Los Angeles. Toypurina was the only native woman to lead a resistance in California. She allied with two chiefs from traditional villages and Nicolas Jose, a baptized Indian who was angry about the injustices committed against Indians by the missionaries, including banning traditional dances inside of the mission. While Toypurina recruited support from surrounding villages, a soldier who understood the language overheard other people talking about the resistance. The Spanish set a trap and captured Toypurina and 20 members of her group. Toypurina was imprisoned for ten weeks and placed on trial, which consisted of ten questions. In her responses, Toypurnia spoke out against the injustices of the Spanish and was later placed in solitary confinement for sixteen months. The Spanish used her punishment to scare any other Indians who were thinking about rebelling against them. Toypurina was released only when she agreed to renounce her own religion, get baptized, and take the name Regina Josepha. She was taken away from her children and husband and forced to work at other missions. Two years later she married a presidio soldier, had four more children, and died at the age of 39. She is buried at the Mission San Juan Bautista. Supahan, Sarah. A Time of Resistance: California Indians during the Mission Period, 1769-1848