California Native Chief Marin Huicmuse

Chief Marin

1781-1839

Chief Marin, also known by his native name Huicmuse, was a Coast Miwok Indian of Southern Marin County. Huicmuse was born around 1780 in a traditional native community enriched by colorful ceremonies, the daily activities of hunting and fishing, and the nightly sharing of tribal lore. It was not until his early twenties when Huicmuse first encountered the Spanish missionaries at Mission San Francisco de Asis (Mission Dolores). It was at this time Huicmuse was baptized and given the name Marino. Marino experienced a different world inside the mission: new languages, new rules and regulations based on assigned chores, a strict time schedule, new codes of behavior, punishment, and a new faith forced upon his people. During his time in the missions Marino was very smart and used his roles as a boatman, guide, and interpreter to his advantage. He was granted freedoms that others were not. When Father Amoros grew angry with Marino, he fled the mission around 1822. Marino lived in hiding, using his skills to outwit the Spanish Militants. In General Mariano Vallejo’s narrative he writes about Marino hiding out on the “Marin Islands” near San Rafael, which were thereafter named “in honor of that chieftain. Who, while maintaining his savage dignity, was a terrible and greatly feared enemy of the whites.” There are various accounts of Chief Marin, as he became known, harassing the Spanish soldiers, attacking the missions, and evading capture. Like many accounts of Indians during the mission era, Chief Marin’s story comes from a variety of different sources that may or may not have told the truth. Missionaries often took account of raiding Indians because they were a threat to the missions and pueblos, but newspapers in the mid and late 19th centuries often dramatized these accounts. Vallejo’s accounts have been debunked by historians because his timeline does not fit with accounts of other military actions or what we know about the cultures of the tribes in northern California.